Behavioral Genetics of the Mouse.
A comprehensive review of the current state of our knowledge on the inheritance of normal behaviour in the laboratory mouse.
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| Format: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
New York :
Cambridge University Press,
2013.
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| Series: | Cambridge Handbooks in Behavioral Genetics Ser.
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Click to View |
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Table of Contents:
- Intro
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface
- 1 Behavior genetics
- Behavior genetics
- Behavioral phenotypes
- Aims and purposes of behavior genetics
- How far have we come?
- Where are we going?
- 2 Natural neurobiology and behavior of the mouse
- Summary
- Introduction
- Natural constraints for behavioral phenotyping in genetically modified mice
- Ethology
- Neural output
- Hippocampus of mice and men
- Ecological constraints
- Studying behavior and survival of mice in outdoor settings
- Principles
- Short-term survival of normal inbred strains
- Long-term selection of hippocampal mossy fiber traits and associated behavior
- Background
- Breeding a founder generation and observing natural selection
- Hippocampal malfunction in naturalistic environments
- Hippocampal lesions and naturalistic behavior of rodents
- Hippocampal lesions and malfunction in naturalistic environments
- Conclusions and outlook
- Ethological and ecological constraints
- Benefits of outdoor testing
- Concerns about outdoor testing of genetically modified mice
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 3 Ethogram of the mouse
- Introduction
- Ethogram of the mouse
- Single mouse in an unfamiliar new environment
- Two unfamiliar male mice in an unfamiliar environment
- A male and a female mouse together
- Adult mouse with pups
- Examples of the experimental use of the ethogram
- Future of the ethogram: computer vision and other high-tech applications
- References
- 4 Replicability and reliability of behavioral tests
- Introduction
- Replicability
- Fixed or random effects
- Enhancing replicability
- Replicability is not the ultimate good
- Reliability
- Test-retest reliability
- Critical choice of a subject population
- Boosting reliability by using more trials or longer trials
- Internal consistency for dynamic characteristics.
- Limitations of a single indicator of reliability and the need for thorough analysis of data
- Outliers can inflate consistency scores
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- Appendix
- Mice
- Open field
- Y-maze
- Water escape
- Eating test
- Elevated plus maze
- Accelerating rotarod
- Grid test
- References
- 5 Audition
- Introduction
- Mouse models
- Hearing loss
- Age considerations
- ASR and PPI
- Acoustic startle response
- Prepulse inhibition
- Experiments with F1 hybrids and backcrosses
- Fear-potentiated startle
- Other approaches
- Psychophysical measurements using associative conditioning
- Observation of natural behaviors in response to sounds
- Physiological methods
- Anatomical methods
- Research approaches
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 6 Behavioral measurement of mouse visual function
- Introduction
- Why measure visual behavior?
- Considerations when testing mouse vision
- Testing methodologies: measures of visual perception in reinforcement-based tasks
- Testing methodologies: measures of automated visual responses
- Distinct vision-testing methodologies
- Practical application of mouse visual behavior
- References
- 7 Tactile system and nociception
- Introduction
- Individual differences
- Pain genes
- Measuring nociception in the mouse
- Heritability of nociception: mouse studies
- Pain phenomics in the mouse
- Qualitative strain differences
- Genetic mediation of nociception
- Genetic mediation of analgesia
- Genetic mediation of pruritis
- Sex × genotype interactions
- Pain genes: results of linkage mapping studies
- Thermal nociception QTLs
- Chemical/inflammatory nociception QTLs
- Neuropathic pain QTLs
- Analgesia QTLs
- References
- 8 Olfactory acuity in Mus musculus
- Methodology
- Buried food test
- Habituation-dishabituation
- Conditioned digging task.
- Conditioned avoidance learning
- Electroolfactogram
- Operant-olfactometry
- Odor detection thresholds
- Specific anosmias
- Mediating factors
- Age
- Sex
- Hormonal status
- Previous experience
- Trigeminal detection
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 9 Taste genetics
- Introduction: taste is a complex trait
- Summary of the taste system
- Bitter taste genetics
- Sweet and umami taste genetics
- Salt and sour taste
- Taste and other complex phenotypes
- Conclusions
- References
- 10 Motor coordination in inbred mouse strains and the crucial role of the cerebellum
- Testing methods
- Inbred mouse strains
- Motor performance of inbred mouse strains
- Stationary beam
- Vertical grid
- Suspended wire or coat-hanger
- Rotorod
- Natural mutants with atrophy of the cerebelum
- Neuropathology
- Selective degeneration of cerebellar cortex
- Spinocerebellar degeneration
- Motor performance
- Stationary beam
- Vertical grid
- Suspended wire or coat-hanger
- Rotorod
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 11 Reflex development
- Introduction: about reflexology and innateness
- Basic considerations when studying early behavioral development of mice
- Changes in pup development due to the behavior of the dam
- Cross-fostering, in-fostering and un-fostering
- Litter culling
- Sex ratio in the litter
- Behavioral development of the mouse as assessed through test batteries
- Suckling test
- Patterns of ultrasonic emissions
- Genetic factors affecting reflex development
- Final considerations
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 12 Feeding and drinking
- Salts
- Bitter tastants
- Saccharin
- Sucrose
- Ethanol
- Glutamate/umami
- Fat intake and obesity-prone and obesity-resistant animals
- Recent strain survey studies from our laboratory
- Baseline food, water, and weight responses
- Sucrose.
- Fat (Intralipid)
- Glucoprivic and lipoprivic responses
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 13 Getting it right
- Introduction
- Historical overview of mouse hand preference
- What does the behavior look like in the unbiased world?
- Associations of other developmental traits with paw preference
- Genetic analysis reveals complexity in paw preference
- Biased testing chambers reveal a process of learning and memory
- Phenotypic reaction norms and the genetic objective
- Retesting in oppositely biased worlds reveals learning and memory
- Genetically dominant and recessive forms of constitutive hand preference
- Key elements of the learning and memory process in hand preference
- Consolidation of memory in response to elapsed time after L-world training
- Anisomycin blocks consolidation of memory
- Retention of memory and dynamics of the learning process
- Rate of learning and limit of learning
- Genetic factors influence capacity and ability to learn hand preference
- Differences among strains with conditional behavior
- Resolution of dominant and recessive constitutive hand preference
- Independence of capacity and ability parameters
- Stochastic agent-based simulation of hand-preference behavior
- Challenging questions and persistent loose ends
- Hand-preference patterns are predicted emergent properties
- Research problem, the genetic task, and the biological question
- Instructive value of the mouse - the replicated individual
- Directional asymmetry - a "left-shift" or "right-shift"
- Physical variation in brain structure - cause or coincidence?
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 14 Rhythms and sleep
- Preface
- Introduction
- Historical perspective
- Biological clocks concepts, mechanisms, and relevance
- Photoperiodism and seasonal rhythms
- Circadian regulation of sleep.
- Behavioral genetic studies of biological rhythms in mice
- Circadian period for locomotor activity
- Phase response
- Aschoffs rule
- Phase of circadian locomotor activity rhythms
- Amplitude of circadian locomotor rhythms
- Sleep
- Food entrainable rhythms
- Methamphetamine-sensitive circadian oscillator
- Development and aging
- CS inbred mice: an anomalous strain with rhythm splitting and long period
- Body temperature and thermoregulation
- Ingestive behaviors: food and water consumption
- Ethanol metabolism
- Photoperiodism and seasonal rhythms
- Notes on methods
- Illumination levels
- Reverse photoperiods
- Temporal responses to artificial selection
- Cage enrichment
- Quantitative genetic background in transgenic and congenic lines
- Summary of QTL data
- General conclusions
- References
- 15 The genetics of exploratory behavior
- Introduction
- Procedures
- Defining exploration
- Genetics: selection studies
- Genetics: strain comparisons
- Genetics: studies of genetic architecture
- Genetics: genetic correlations
- Localizing the genes
- Single-gene studies
- Mapping studies
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 16 Strains, SNPs, and selected lines
- Introduction
- Naturalistic approach to the study of murine fear and anxiety in the laboratory
- Using between-strain differences to identify genetic factors underlying anxiety
- Using within-strain differences to identify genetic factors underlying anxiety
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References
- 17 Genetic influences on infant mouse ultrasonic vocalizations
- Introduction
- Ethology of ultrasonic calls
- Measures of ultrasonic calls
- Previous reviews of ultrasonic vocalization studies
- Genetic influences on ultrasonic calls of infant mice
- Background
- Strain comparison
- Cross-breeding studies
- Selection studies.
- Mendelian crosses and other methods which examine the effects of single genes.